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	<title>Uncharted Territory &#187; Language</title>
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		<title>Uncharted Territory &#187; Language</title>
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		<title>Fewer Says Who</title>
		<link>http://unchartedterritory.wordpress.com/2009/06/04/fewer-says-who/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Jun 2009 09:23:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Tim Joslin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[BBC]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Maybe my ears deceived me, but I could have sworn that yesterday morning on BBC Radio 4&#8217;s Today programme I heard a statement of the form:
&#8220;They are conspiring against Gordon Brown, whom is in a precarious position.&#8221;
It&#8217;s not just media hyperventilation at continuing personality politics (anyone out there seen a policy?  Hello?  Hello?), [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=unchartedterritory.wordpress.com&blog=2535889&post=673&subd=unchartedterritory&ref=&feed=1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><p>Maybe my ears deceived me, but I could have sworn that yesterday morning on BBC Radio 4&#8217;s <em>Today</em> programme I heard a statement of the form:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;They are conspiring against Gordon Brown, <em>whom</em> is in a precarious position.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>It&#8217;s not just media hyperventilation at continuing personality politics (anyone out there seen a policy?  Hello?  Hello?), there appears to have been a recent surge of enthusiasm for the word &#8220;whom&#8221;.</p>
<p>Only a year or two ago the BBC &#8211; as if this institution is not otherwise suffocating public debate enough in this country they seem to be unofficial custodians of our language as well &#8211; <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/radio/specials/1535_questionanswer/page12.shtml">suggested &#8220;who&#8221; could safely be used most of the time</a>.  In 2006, <a href="http://www.gpuss.co.uk/english_usage/whom_obsolete.htm">University Challenge even claimed &#8220;whom&#8221; was virtually obsolete&#8221;</a>.  Now, in what could be a clip from a 1960s class comedy (wherein the cheeky chappy looks lovably foolish in his mistaken attempts to speak proper), Alan Johnson seemed on the same BBC Radio 4 a few weeks ago to take a deep breath before producing the word &#8220;whom&#8221; as proudly as a baby pooing.</p>
<p>I suspect the &#8220;whom&#8221; epidemic is caused by an oversimplification of grammatical rules.  The majority school claims that &#8220;who&#8221; should be used as the subject and &#8220;whom&#8221; otherwise.  This rather ignores the subtleties of direct and indirect objects of verbs, let alone <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_grammar#Verbs">the accusatives, genitives and so on so important in Latin</a>.  My initial position was that &#8220;whom&#8221; correctly replaces <em>indirect</em> but not direct objects.  E.g. &#8220;That&#8217;s the player who was kicked by Fabregas&#8221;.  &#8220;That&#8217;s the referee of whom Drogba spoke&#8221;.  The trouble is, it&#8217;s not quite so simple, if we&#8217;re to clarify whether we should refer to &#8220;the player who Fabregas spat on&#8221; (allegedly) or &#8220;the player whom Fabregas spat on&#8221; (allegedly) &#8211; the former seems correct to me.  Maybe we do need to go back to those Latin cases, but <a href="http://us.deskdemon.com/community/forums/showflat.php?Cat=&amp;Board=admins4admins&amp;Number=4418&amp;page=7&amp;view=collapsed&amp;sb=6&amp;part=">a more practical minority position is occasionally referred to in online forums</a>. This is that &#8220;whom&#8221; is the form to be used <em>after prepositions</em>.  So use the word in constructs such as &#8220;of whom&#8221;, &#8220;to whom&#8221; etc, but not elsewhere.  This is what appeared to be the consensus until the recent outbreak of grammatical correctness.</p>
<p>The affectation of &#8220;whom&#8221; is nothing compared to the change in pronunciation of &#8220;says&#8221; and &#8220;said&#8221; over the last couple of years.  for decades we&#8217;ve all been content to rhyme &#8220;say&#8221; with &#8220;hay&#8221;, but <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78k2vuxKAy0&amp;feature=related">&#8220;said&#8221; with &#8220;Fred&#8221;</a>.  &#8220;Says&#8221; is pronounced &#8220;sez&#8221;, alright?</p>
<p>While the English police direct their resources at supposedly mistaken &#8220;who&#8221;s and supposedly mispronounced &#8220;said&#8221;s, &#8220;fewer&#8221; falls ever more into disuse.  <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2008/sep/13/2">The Guardian&#8217;s otherwise brilliant columnist Lucy Mangan even wrote recently</a> that she couldn&#8217;t:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;think of an example where abolition of the distinction [between "less" and "fewer"] would cause confusion, but my heart mourns its loss.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>What?</p>
<p>Consider the ambiguities arising from the lack of a moreish equivalent to &#8220;fewer&#8221;.  Here&#8217;s one: &#8220;There are more dangerous snakes over there&#8221;.  Are there more snakes thither or are the ones there more dangerous?  If we were there rather than here we could be clear: &#8220;There are fewer dangerous snakes over there&#8221; or &#8220;There are less dangerous snakes over there.&#8221;  Trouble is, now that the language has eroded, to make yourself understood you&#8217;d have to say something like: &#8220;The snakes over there are less dangerous.&#8221;</p>
<p>So we&#8217;re making people concentrate on supposed, but dubious, correctness when it makes no difference to understanding, but paying no attention to language rules that <em>are</em> necessary to avoid confusion.  As usual we&#8217;d rather play little social games than actually solve any problems.</p>
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			<media:title type="html">Tim Joslin</media:title>
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